In astronomy and physical cosmology, the metallicity or Z is the fraction of mass of a star or other kind of astronomical object that is not in hydrogen (X) or helium (Y). Most of the physical matter in the universe is in the form of hydrogen and helium, so astronomers use the word "metals" as a convenient short term for "all elements except hydrogen and helium". This usage is distinct from the usual physical definition of a solid metal. The astronomical usage is claimed to be justified because in the high-temperature and pressure environment of a star, atoms do not undergo chemical reactions and effectively have no chemical properties, including that of being a metal as usually understood. For example, stars and nebulae with relatively high abundances of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and neon are called "metal-rich" in astrophysical terms, even though those elements are non-metals in chemistry.
The distinction between hydrogen and helium on the one hand and metals on the other is relevant because the primordial universe is believed to have contained virtually no metals, which were later synthesised within stars.
Population: 2 is a 2012 American film directed by Gil Luna. The film was made entirely in Oregon with an all-Oregon cast and crew. It is recognized as having utilized several historic sites, one of which, the Fairview Training Center, no longer exists in its full form, having been deconstructed starting in 2011.
Set against the backdrop of a post-apocalyptic Earth, Population 2 is about Lilith who wanders the remains of civilization every day, scavenging what she can from the deserted refuse of what was once a bustling city.
Dramagods (formerly known as Population 1) is a rock band led by Extreme guitarist Nuno Bettencourt.
The band originally started when Bettencourt released the album Population 1 in 2002 (late 2001 in Japan). On the album, he recorded all the instruments on most of the tracks. When he decided to go on tour to support the album, he formed a touring band with Joe Pessia on rhythm guitar, Steve Ferlazzo on keyboards and back-up vocals, Philip Bynoe on bass and Kevin Figueiredo on drums. Later Phil left and Joe took the role of bassist. In 2004, while still under the moniker of Population 1, they released an EP titled Sessions from Room 4.
In 2005, due to legal issues, Bettencourt dropped the name Population 1 and changed it to Dramagods with the same lineup.
Dramagods released their debut effort Love in December 2005, available as an import via Victor Entertainment (Japan). The band then made their record available as a digital download on iTunes in early 2006.
The band toured in Japan, where they appeared at the Udo Music Festival along with KISS, Santana, Jeff Beck, The Doobie Brothers, Alice in Chains, The Pretenders, Ben Folds Five, and others in July 2006 shortly after Bettencourt took part in a three-date reunion tour with Extreme in New England.
Island (stylized as iSLAND) is the fifth studio album by American hip hop duo G-Side. It was released by Slow Motion Soundz on November 11, 2011.
Evan Rytlewski of The A.V. Club gave the album a grade of B+, saying: "There are hundreds of rappers dwelling on the same themes of hustle and determination as Yung Clova and ST 2 Lettaz, including some that do so with nimbler flows and sharper wordplay, but there are few that match the duo's personality and conviction." Tom Breihan of Stereogum said: "Production team Block Beattaz has made another zoned-out polyglot music tapestry for them, sampling stuff like Joy Orbison and Tame Impala but grounding it in classic Southern rap thump."
Thomas Perry (born 1947) is an American mystery and thriller novelist. He received a 1983 Edgar Award from the Mystery Writers of America for Best First Novel.
Perry's work has covered a variety of fictional suspense starting with The Butcher's Boy, which received a 1983 Edgar Award from the Mystery Writers of America for Best First Novel, followed by Metzger's Dog, Big Fish, Island, and Sleeping Dogs. He then launched the critically acclaimed Jane Whitefield series: Vanishing Act (chosen as one of the "100 Favorite Mysteries of the Century" by the Independent Mystery Booksellers Association), Dance for the Dead, Shadow Woman, The Face Changers, Blood Money, Runner, and Poison Flower. The New York Times selected Nightlife for its best seller selection. From this point, Perry has elected to develop a non-series list of mysteries with Death Benefits, Pursuit (which won a Gumshoe Award in 2002), Dead Aim, Night Life, Fidelity, and Strip. In The Informant, released in 2011, Perry brought back the hit-man character first introduced in The Butcher's Boy and later the protagonist in Sleeping Dogs.
Island Colin Thomas (born 1987-1990), better known by his stage name ísland, is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and record producer known for his UK Top 40 Pop charting single, This Dream, used extensively by NBC and BBC during the London 2012 Olympic Games and Cartoon Network at the 2013 Hall of Game Awards. He has written or produced songs for Rihanna,Leona Lewis, Tigirlily and Brent Kutzle of One Republic.